Mrs. Finley
Students will understand that...
- 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental systems (anarchy, monarchy, theocracy, oligarchy, aristocracy, direct and indirect democracy).
- 6.C&G.1.2 Summarize the beliefs of ancient civilizations shaped their political thought (divine right, dynasty, mandate of heaven, citizen participation).
- 6.C&G.1.3 Compare the requirements and responsibilities of citizenship varied throughout different forms of government (anarchy, monarchy, theocracy, oligarchy, aristocracy, direct and direct democracy).
- 6.C&G.1.4 Compare the role (e.g. maintain order and enforce societal values and beliefs) and evolution of laws and legal systems (e.g. need for and changing nature of codified system of laws and punishment) in various civilizations, societies and regions
- 6.H.1.2 Summarize the literal meaning of historical documents in order to establish context.
Vocabulary:
Social Contract- is the agreement among people to live under a system of government, and social contract theory involves how and why this agreement emerged. Social contract theorists also discussed which forms of government are legitimate.
Government- the political direction and control exercised over the actions of the members, citizens, or inhabitants of communities, societies; direction of the affairs of a state, community
Politics- the art of guiding or influencing governmental policy
Citizenship- possession of the rights and privileges to membership in a community
Legal system- the set of laws of a particular civilization or country and the way that they are used
Hammurabi's Code
Justinian's Code
Rome's Twelve Tables
Peloponnesian War-General conflict between rival city-states of Athens and Sparta that lasted from 431-404 BCE.
TYPES OF GOVERNMENT:
Oligarchy-"Government by the few”, a form of government in which all power is vested in a few people(Sparta) Dictatorship-In this forms of government, power is not inherited, but usually taken by force. A dictator has absolute power and because his power is not guaranteed like a monarchy, dictators usually use more repression (limiting people’s freedoms and opinions)and need a strong military.
Direct Democracy-All citizens have a chance to participate. The people directly control the laws because every citizens of a certain age (usually over 18 or 21) and group (usually men or men who own property) can be part of the government at some point in their lives. They write laws, submit them, and vote on them –there is no difference between the people and the government.
Theocracy-a form of government in which God or a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler. (Islamic Empire)
Monarchy-a state or nation in which the supreme power is actually held by a single person
Democracy-“government by the people”, a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them(Athens)
Aristocracy-a government or state ruled by an elite or privileged upper class
(India)
Autocracy-Any form of government where one person (auto) holds all the power.
Representative Democracy-sometimes called indirect democracy or a republic. In this government people elect leaders who then write and vote on the laws for their society. These leaders are responsible for making laws that the rest of the citizens want, and if they don’t serve the people, the citizens will not vote again for them.
Tyranny: a government ruled by someone who uses power oppressively or unjustly (Assyrians)
Anarchy-this means no government – any rules are just whatever traditions people in the society have, but there is no one person or group of people who gets to decide what are the actual rules, what is fair, or who should be punished for breaking rules.
Republic-a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them(Rome)
Social Contract- is the agreement among people to live under a system of government, and social contract theory involves how and why this agreement emerged. Social contract theorists also discussed which forms of government are legitimate.
Government- the political direction and control exercised over the actions of the members, citizens, or inhabitants of communities, societies; direction of the affairs of a state, community
Politics- the art of guiding or influencing governmental policy
Citizenship- possession of the rights and privileges to membership in a community
Legal system- the set of laws of a particular civilization or country and the way that they are used
Hammurabi's Code
Justinian's Code
Rome's Twelve Tables
Peloponnesian War-General conflict between rival city-states of Athens and Sparta that lasted from 431-404 BCE.
TYPES OF GOVERNMENT:
Oligarchy-"Government by the few”, a form of government in which all power is vested in a few people(Sparta) Dictatorship-In this forms of government, power is not inherited, but usually taken by force. A dictator has absolute power and because his power is not guaranteed like a monarchy, dictators usually use more repression (limiting people’s freedoms and opinions)and need a strong military.
Direct Democracy-All citizens have a chance to participate. The people directly control the laws because every citizens of a certain age (usually over 18 or 21) and group (usually men or men who own property) can be part of the government at some point in their lives. They write laws, submit them, and vote on them –there is no difference between the people and the government.
Theocracy-a form of government in which God or a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler. (Islamic Empire)
Monarchy-a state or nation in which the supreme power is actually held by a single person
Democracy-“government by the people”, a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them(Athens)
Aristocracy-a government or state ruled by an elite or privileged upper class
(India)
Autocracy-Any form of government where one person (auto) holds all the power.
Representative Democracy-sometimes called indirect democracy or a republic. In this government people elect leaders who then write and vote on the laws for their society. These leaders are responsible for making laws that the rest of the citizens want, and if they don’t serve the people, the citizens will not vote again for them.
Tyranny: a government ruled by someone who uses power oppressively or unjustly (Assyrians)
Anarchy-this means no government – any rules are just whatever traditions people in the society have, but there is no one person or group of people who gets to decide what are the actual rules, what is fair, or who should be punished for breaking rules.
Republic-a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them(Rome)
four_forms_of_greek_governing.pdf | |
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Where is it now? The Lourve Museum Paris, France
Africa, Mansa Musa and the spread of Islam
Photo used under Creative Commons from lreed76